This value is lower than the experimental value -198.09 eV. Solving the above three equations, the ground state energy (n=1) becomes -205.79 eV. The total energy E of the lithium ion (Li+) is the sum of the kinetic and the Coulomb potential energy of the two electrons, so Where h is Plank's constant (= 6.62606896 x 10 -34 Js), and h/mv is the de Broglie's wavelength. The circular orbital length is supposed to be an integer times the wavelength of the electron, we have Where r is the circular orbital radius (meter), m is the electron mass (me= 9.1093826 x 10 -31 kg), e is the electron charge (= 1.60217653 × 10 -19 C), and ε is the permittivity of vacuum (= 8.854187817 × 10 -12 C 2/Nm 2). One schematic model of lithum ion (Li+)Įquating the centrifugal force to the Coulomb force, we have 1.) in which two electrons of the lithium ion are on the opposite sides of the nucleus and moving on the same circular orbit.įig. Lithium ion (Li+) has two electrons and one nucleus (3e+).įirst, suppose we have one model (Fig. So the ground state energy of the lithium ion (Li+) is -75.64 - 122.45 = -198.09 eV. The ionization energies of the lithium is 5.39 eV (1st), 75.64 eV (2nd), and 122.45 eV (3rd), respectively. Naturally occurring lithium is composed of two stable isotopes, Li6 and Li7, the latter being the more abundant (92.5%). because of this, it is a good conductor of both heat and electricity, and used for the lithium (ion) batteries. Lithium has a single valence electron ( its configuration, 1S × 2, 2S × 1 ) that is easily given up to form a cation. It is the lightest metal, and highly reactive and flammable (though more stable than the other alkali metals). Lithium belongs to the alkali metal group of chemical elements, and has the atomic number 3. So next, we try Lithium atom (Li) and Lithium ion (Li+) by Bohr's theory. Our new Bohr model has suceeded in calculating the Helium ionization energy more correctly than the quantum mechanical variational methods as shown in the Top page. Top page (correct Bohr model including the two-electron atoms). The next best thing to owning the original artwork, with a soft textured natural surface, our fine art reproduction prints meet the standard of the most critical museum curatorsĪrchive quality photographic print in a durable wipe clean mouse mat with non slip backing.Bohr's Lithium(ion) Li(+) New Bohr model Lithium (Li) Sentimental and practical, personalised photo mugs make perfect gifts for loved ones, friends or work colleagues Professionally Stretched Canvas over a hidden Wooden Box Frame and Ready to HangĮnjoy your favourite drink from a mug decorated with an image you love. Greetings Cards suitable for Birthdays, Weddings, Anniversaries, Graduations, Thank You and much moreĬanvas Prints add colour, depth and texture to any space. Jigsaw Puzzles are an ideal gift for any occasionĬontemporary Framed and Mounted Prints - Professionally Made and Ready to Hang Poster prints are produced on Vibrant Poster Paper resulting in timeless and breath-taking posters which are also ideal for framing Photo prints are produced on Vibrant Archival Photo Paper resulting in timeless and breath-taking prints which are also ideal for framing Our standard Photo Prints (ideal for framing) are sent same or next working day, with most other items shipped a few days later. Zoomed Pictures can be adjusted in the Cart. * Options may vary by product and licensing agreement. We happily accept a wide range of payment options so you can pay for the things you need in the way that is most convenient for you We are proud to offer a range of customisation features including Personalised Captions, Color Filters and Picture Zoom Tools SAFE SHIPPING - 30 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE Science Photo Library features Science and Medical images including photos and illustrationsĪlkali Metal Atom Atome Atomic Atomic Nucleus Atoms Aufbau Chemically Chemie Chemisch Diagram Electron Electron Shell Electrons Element Freigestellt Freigestellte Freigestellter Freigestelltes Freistehend Freistehende Freistehender Freistehendes Freisteller Grafik Grafiken Grafisch Graphic Graphical Graphically Graphics Graphisch Lithium Metal Natural Science Naturwissenschaft Naturwissenschaftlich Neutron Neutrons Nuclear Nucleus Orbit Particle Physical Science Proton Protons Representation Schematic Scientific Struktur Subatomic Particles Wissenschaft Wissenschaftlich Physical Physically Physics We are proud to offer this print from Science Photo Library in collaboration with Science Photo Library The atom also has three electron (blue) orbiting the nucleus Lithium has three neutrons (white) and three protons (pink) in its nucleus (centre).
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